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The thoracic outlet or inferior thoracic aperture is much larger than the thoracic inlet (superior thoracic aperture). The thoracic outlet is the lower opening of the thoracic cavity whose edges are the lowest ribs. It is closed by the diaphragm, which separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. The thoracic outlet is bounded by: * the 12th thoracic vertebra ''posteriorly'', * 11th and 12th pairs of ribs ''laterally'', * costal cartilages of ribs 7 through 10 ''anteriorly'', * and the xiphisternal joint - (i.e.: the articulation between the xiphoid process and the inferior border of the sternal body) ''anteriorly''. Structures passing through the thoracic outlet between the thorax and abdomen include the inferior vena cava and esophagus, both of which pass through the diaphragm, and the abdominal aorta and thoracic duct which pass through the diaphragm, through the aortic hiatus. ==References== 〔Thoracic diaphragm〕 〔http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/cardiovascular_system/thorax_wall_tables.html〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Thoracic outlet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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